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Farmer's Manual
Meet2012
In order to have a successful harvert, there are many things that must be done in preparation.  First, a good location must be selected.  The farm doesn't have to be big, but it should be flat and have a source of light.  Torches and glowstone work just as well as sunlight.  Second of all, the crops should have a constant water source.  Not all plants need water, but those that do need it for survival.  A simple way to supply water to your crops is to place water around the farm (assuming that the farthest crop isn't more than 3 blocks away from the path, mind you) under the walkway.  The water should be level with the farm, and have half-steps covering it.  Third,  seeds should only be planted when the farm is free of animals.  The seeds are easily trampled, leaving a less-than-favorable harvest. Finally, seeds should only be planted when the soil is moist.  Often times, seeds will die because the soil is not moist enough.